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  • Piceatannol a polyphenol compound derived from grapes

    2020-08-06

    Piceatannol, a polyphenol compound derived from grapes and wine shows great antioxidant activity to scavenge free radicals [3]. Lots of researches focus on the effects of piceatannol on cancer cells, like A549, a non-small cell lung cancer line shows piceatannol increases cell apoptosis by enhancing expressions of proapoptotic proteins, Bad and Bak [4]. Additional studies indicate that piceatannol can inhibit cell proliferation by arresting Ropivacaine HCl in G0 and G1 phases in liver cancer cells or leukemic cells [5]. Hyo Jin Kim and his colleagues investigate the cerebral protective effects of piceatannol in hydrogen peroxide-induced PC12 cells. Piceatannol significantly reduced ROS production, cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis. It further suppresses Bcl protein downregulation and caspase-3 and -8 activations in JNK-mediated pathways. [6]. Further studies indicate piceatannol can prevent heart from hypercholesterolemia, cardiac arrhythmia, monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and inflammation [7]. PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling is long been known as a cell survival pathway in cardiology [8]. Current study has shown that ginsenosides, which is demonstrated to exhibit cardioprotective effect in several aspects, prevented cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via upregulation of PI3K and phosphorylations of Akt and eNOS [9]. Resveratrol, the most famous polyphenol compound, have also been reported to reduce heart failure by PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling [10].
    Materials and methods
    Results
    Discussion Our results firstly confirm PCT can protect H9c2 cells against oxidative injury by upregulating the activity of SOD and decreasing the productions of CK and LDH. To further understand the effects of PCT on proapoptotic signaling, we evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS and calcium overloading. PCT suppresses mitochondrial depolarization by maintaining membrane potential in dose-dependent manner. PCT significantly decreases excessive ROS production and reduces calcium overloading in expect to alleviate cell metabolic disorders induced by H2O2. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway has long been studied in different types of cells to regulate proliferation, growth and survival. In cancer cells, blocking this signaling pathway can inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth, leading them to apoptosis [11]. Conversely, Akt-deficient hearts exhibits a moderate reduction of cardiac functions and more sensitive to ischemia/reperfusion injury and restoration of PI3K rescues cardiac functions and reduces infarct size [12]. Activation of PI3K-Akt signaling is beneficial for cardioprotection by experimental and clinical interventions. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is several short non-lethal ischemia and reperfusion that administrates in one distant region or organ, displaying cardiac protection against prolonged ischemia/reperfusion injury. Experimental study has shown this intervention can activates PI3K-Akt signaling and also other similar methods, like ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and ischemic postconditioning (IPOC). [13]. In aspect of drug administration, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a good cardioprotective agent, activates PI3K-Akt pathway, demonstrated by specific blocker [14].